汉代西南属国考古学文化变迁及相关问题研究

A Study on the Cultural Changes and Related Issues of Archeology in Southwest Affiliated States of Han Dynasty

汉代西南属国境内存在土著文化与汉文化两个系统。西汉以来,两者并存持续了很长时间;东汉早中期,汉文化逐渐占据优势地位,土著文化渐趋衰退;东汉中晚期至汉末,成熟发达的汉文化广泛分布在属国境内,土著文化基本消失。两种文化的消长变迁反映了西南属国经历酝酿、形成与发展的演变过程。考古发现揭示汉代西南地区族群与文化的融合,使西南各属国境内形成了稳定的汉文化人群,为属国建立奠定了坚实的社会基础。属国制度成为边疆多元族群地区进入汉帝国政治体系的过渡环节,在吸纳、融合非汉族群与管理南方边疆民族地区等方面发挥了重要作用。

There were two systems of indigenous culture and Han culture in the southwestern affiliated states of the Han Dynasty.Since the Western Han Dynasty,the two coexisted for a long time; and in the early and middle period of Eastern Han Dynasty,the Han culture gradually occupied the dominant position while indigenous culture gradually declined; then during the late Eastern Han Dynasty to its end,the mature and well-developed Han culture widely distributed in the affiliated states,and the indigenous culture disappeared. Archaeological discoveries reveal the integration of ethnic groups and culture customs in the southwestern region of the Han Dynasty,which resulted in the formation of stable Han culture followers in the southwestern states and laid a solid social foundation for the establishment of the affiliated state. The affiliated state system has become a transitional part for the border ethnic groups to enter the political system of the Han Empire,and has played an important role in absorbing and integrating non-Han ethnic groups and managing the southern border areas.