论巴勒斯坦建国困境形成的因素

On the Forming Factors of Plight in the Founding of Palestine

巴勒斯坦建国主张的兴起与犹太复国主义运动息息相关。巴勒斯坦人与阿拉伯国家抵制联合国巴勒斯坦分治决议及1948年巴勒斯坦战争的失败,使巴勒斯坦人失去了建国的历史机遇。虽然巴解组织接受了"两国方案",但1988年11月宣布建立的巴勒斯坦国只是法理上的国家。奥斯陆进程开启后,巴勒斯坦走上通过巴以和平进程建国的道路,巴勒斯坦民族权力机构的建立,标志着巴勒斯坦国初具雏形。巴勒斯坦建立独立国家面临的困境是:巴勒斯坦人寄希望于通过中东和平进程建国,但中东和平进程本身却已名存实亡。这一困境形成的因素有三:以色列的强硬不妥协政策,巴勒斯坦民族运动软弱乏力,以及国际和地区局势变化使巴勒斯坦问题日益边缘化。从根本上讲,巴勒斯坦的建国困境反映了巴勒斯坦民族主义与犹太复国主义两种民族主义的冲突。从长远来讲,巴勒斯坦国的建立取决于中东和平进程的进展,而得到国际社会普遍支持的两国方案依然是目前合理的解决方案。

The rise of the Palestinian statehood is closely related to the Zionist movement. The plight of the establishment of an independent State in Palestine is that the Palestinians are hoping to build their country through the Middle East peace process,which has actually perished. There are three factors which caused this plight and they include Israel's tough and uncompromising policy,weak Palestinian democracy,and changes in international and regional situations which have increasingly marginalized the Palestinian issues.Fundamentally speaking,the plight of the Palestinian state of origin reflects the conflict between Palestinian nationalism and Zionism. In the long run,the founding of the Palestinian State depends on the progress of the Middle East peace process,while the two-country program,which is generally supported by the international community,is still a reasonable solution.