江阴市2006-2015年职业病发病特征及变化趋势

Analysis on characteristics and trends of occupational disease during 2006-2015,Jiangyin

目的分析2006-2015江阴市累计报告新发职业病情况,探讨辖区内职业病发病特征和变化趋势,为有针对性地制订预防措施提供科学依据。方法收集2006-2015年江阴市"中国疾病预防控制系统职业病报告网络直报"资料,对辖区内职业病新发病例进行系统性整理(包括新发病例的年度分布、疾病种类、行业分布、企业规模与经济类型等)并做描述性分析。结果 2006-2015年江阴市新发职业病1 009例,涉及职业病病种7大类26种。尘肺居首位,为805例,占79.8%。发病所属企业主要集中在集体及私营的小型企业,主要分布在非金属矿采矿及其制品业,其绝大多数病例为发生于已被关闭十余年的采矿企业所遗留的退休人员中。其次为化学物导致的皮肤灼伤及眼灼伤,分别占6.8%(69例)及7.1%(72例),主要分布在制造业和化工等行业。结论 2006-2015江阴市年职业病发病形势依然严峻,尘肺病主要是遗留问题,化学物灼伤是主要防控重点,需进一步强化用人单位的职业健康管理,有效地防控职业病的发生。

Objective To analyze the situation of cumulative report of new occupational disease during 2006 and 2015 in Jiangyin,to investigate the epidemiological trends and characteristics of occupational disease,to provide basic data for formulating the guidelines and policies for control of occupational disease. Methods The investigation was based on the data of occupational disease in the City from China Information System for Disease Prevention and Control during 2006 and 2015.The local new occupational disease cases results including the types of occupational disease,annual distribution,disease characteristics,industry distribution were collected and analyzed. Results 1009 cases of occupational disease were reported from 2006 to 2015,and 26 kinds of 7 categories occupational disease were involved. Firstly,805 cases were pneumoconiosis,it ranked first（ 79. 8%）. Among which majority employees were retired,most of them worked exposed dust in mining enterprise which had been shut down more than ten years ago. The cases of occupational diseases were mainly distributed in the collective and private small businesses. The industry distribution was mainly located in non-metallic mineral mining and its products. Secondly,chemical skin burns and chemical eye burns were major occupational diseases. Occupational chemical skin burns were 69 cases,accounted for 6. 8%,Occupational chemical eye burns were 72 cases,accounted for 7. 1%,most of them worked exposed in the chemical industry and manufacturing industry. Conclusion The incidence of occupational disease is still high during 2006 and 2016,pneumoconiosis is leftover problem,chemical burns are the most serious occupational diseases in the city. It is necessary to strengthen further the administration on occupational health and safety in enterprises,and efficiently prevent and control the occurrence of occupational disease.