巨噬细胞极化在炎性疾病中作用的研究进展

Research progress of the role of macrophage polarization in inflammatory diseases

巨噬细胞主要来源于骨髓前体细胞，在机体固有免疫应答和适应性免疫应答中发挥极其重要的作用，与炎性反应、免疫防御、血管形成、肿瘤的形成以及内环境稳定等密切相关。在不同的微环境中，巨噬细胞可以分化为不同细胞亚群：M1型，即经典活化巨噬细胞；M2型，即替代活化巨噬细胞。2种不同表型的巨噬细胞在不同疾病中也发挥着不同的作用，M1型主要分泌各种炎性因子促进炎性反应；而M2型主要参与抗炎反应、促进组织修复等。本文对巨噬细胞极化的研究进展进行综述。

Macrophages mainly derive from bone marrow precursor cells and play an important role in innate and adaptive immune response; they are associated with multiple biological activities such as inflammation, immune defense, angiogenesis, tumor formation and homeostasis. Macrophages can differentiate into different cell subsets in different rnicroenvironrnents; M1 arc classic activated rnacrophages; M2 are alternative activated rnacrophages. M1 macrophages mainly secrete inflammatory factors to promote inflammation; M2 macrophages are involved in anti-inflammatory response and tissue repair. This paper reviewed research progress of rnacrophage polarization.