井下液态二氧化碳灭火装备的研究

Research on liquid carbon dioxide fire extinguishing equipment for use in mine

为有效遏制煤矿井下火灾事故,自行设计并研发灾区移动式液态二氧化碳灭火装备,该装备通过保温存储罐减小环境温度对罐内液体低温状态的影响,其自增压调控系统在排液过程中依据罐内欠压程度实现手动或自动充气的功能。采用该装备通过真空度检测、满液长时间压力与液位监测和模拟火源联机处置等3组试验,研究液态二氧化碳的有效存储、大流量输送和管路内外物理状态转变的特性及对火源的覆盖、熄灭性能。试验结果表明:存储罐真空度为1.6 Pa,48天后2 m^3规格的罐内液体有效容积不低于1.6 m^3,单罐液体放净时间约为10.5 min。此多功能小型化装备,可无人值守运行,双层粉末真空绝热结构延长了液体存储时间,管网通径扩增至DN40以加速排液,用氮气自补偿增压技术实现了100 m液体无冰堵水平输送后连续气化喷射。

In order to avoid fire accidents in underground coal mine effectively,a piece of the mobile fire extinguishing equipment of liquid carbon dioxide for use in disaster areas was developed. An insulated storage tank embed in the equipment can reduce the influence of environment temperature on the low gas temperature condition. A self-pressure control system in the equipment can fill the equipment with the gas automatically or manually according to the under-pressure level during the drainage process. The characteristics of effective storage and large flow delivery of carbon dioxide,physical state transition in and out the pipeline,and the performance of covering and extinguishing the fire source were studied experimentally.The results show that for a vacuum degree of storage tank of 1. 6 Pa,the effective volume of the liquid inside the 2 m^3 tank is not less than 1.6 m^3 after 48 days and the time of liquid discharge for a single tank is about 10.5 min,and that continuous gasification jet without ice blocking after a 100 m liquid horizontal delivery can be realized by using the nitrogen self-compensating pressurization technology.