不同栽培模式条件下草莓生长发育特性比较

Comparison on Growing Characteristics of Strawberry in Different Cultivation Modes

以"章姬"(ZJ)"红颜"(HY)"甜查理"(TCL)3个草莓品种为试材,设置2种栽培模式,分别是立架栽培模式(L)、栽培槽模式(C),每隔5d对草莓的生育期进行观察记录,在草莓的现蕾期、盛花期和果实成熟期测量株高、叶柄长度、叶片数、冠径比、叶面积以及SPAD值,并从第1个草莓果实成熟开始至草莓生产期结束,测定草莓产量,通过设置不同种植模式和草莓品种,找出较适合于新疆地区草莓无土栽培的模式及品种,为当地草莓无土栽培生产奠定基础。结果表明:栽培槽模式和立架栽培模式相对常规种植生产模式,其株距虽然不变,但总体密度有所增加,提高了空间利用率;并且在相同种植面积内,立架栽培模式可有效增加单位面积内草莓株数以及单果质量,同时,立架栽培较栽培槽模式的草莓产量及果实品质有明显提高,同时草莓叶面积指数与产量之间符合二次曲线关系,且相关性较好;立架栽培模式草莓叶片SPAD值、产量及其品质优于栽培槽模式。

Two different planting patterns（‘A＇shelf mode and trough cultivation modes）and three varieties of strawberry（‘Hongyan＇‘Zhangji＇‘Tianchali＇）were set to find out the best varieties and planting patterns in this region.The phenological phase of strawberry was observed every 5days during the growing season.Plant height,petiole length,leaf number,crown diameter ratio,leaf area and SPAD value were measured at the different growing season of strawberry.The results showed that,not only cultivated in ‘A＇shelf mode and trough cultivation mode had higher density than conventional pattern.And also they increased the space utilization ratio.The yield and fruit quality of cultivated in‘A＇shelf modes were better than trough cultivation mode with the same acreage.At the same time,the relationship between the leaf area index and the yield of strawberry was in line with the two curve.The SPAD value,yield and quality of strawberry in ‘A＇shelf were better than the trough cultivation mode to that of the cultivation model.