日光温室越冬长茬番茄植株养分累积与分配特征

Nutrient Uptake Accumulation and Distribution Characteristics of Over-winter Tomato in Solar Greenhouse

以日光温室越冬长茬番茄为试材,采用定点监测田间试验的方法,研究了番茄生育期干物质、养分吸收累积规律、单个果穗与干物质增量的关系和阶段养分吸收量及比例,以期为越冬长茬番茄合理施肥提供参考。结果表明:越冬长茬番茄养分吸收累积呈逐渐累积态势,整个生育期养分吸收量(N-P-K-Ca-Mg)为35、12、62、33、18g·株^-1,番茄坐果后植株地上部干物质以平均52%的比例分配到果实中;关键养分需肥期维持在定植后90~270d内;在第4、5穗果、第5、6穗果间,果实的干物质增量出现最低峰值,分别为2.8、0.8g·株^-1,此阶段的低温影响了番茄的生长。

Tomato under over-winter growing system was used as materials,treated by fixed-point monitoring and field experiment,rule of dry matter and nutrient of the plant accumulation absorption,the relationship between cluster and dry matter increment and nutrition uptake accumulation in the whole stage of tomato were determinated,the optimized fertilization recommendation in local suitable temperature was put forward in order to supply reference for rational application of fertilizer for overwinter tomato.The results showed that over-winter greenhouse tomato nutrient uptake accumulation showed slowly increase trend.Proportion of nutrients uptake（N-P-K-Ca-Mg）was 35,12,62,33,18 g per plant during growth period.After flushing,dry matter distributed to the fruit by an average of52%.The most important period of fertilizer within 90-270 days after transplanting.Between No.4cluster and No.5cluster,the increment of fruit dry matter accumulation was 2.8g per plant,between No.5cluster and No.6cluster,the increment of fruit dry matter accumulation was the lowest 0.8g per plant.The low temperature affected the growth of tomato in this phase.