环保型煤流抑尘剂的研制及工业试验研究

Development and Industrial Experiment Research of Environment-Friendly Coal Flow Dust Suppressant Agent

火电厂煤炭皮带输送系统是煤尘污染工作场所,保障工作人员健康及保护环境非常必要。在对煤流扬尘发生机理研究的基础上,根据煤流扬尘特点,研制出一种环保型抑尘剂,该抑尘剂由聚阴离子纤维素和润滑剂组成。试验研究结果表明:(1)该抑尘剂抑尘效果显著,试验煤流流量为1 000 t/h时,与喷洒水比较,在相同45 mL/s喷洒量下,喷洒抑尘剂后输煤皮带平流扬尘量降低75%,落流扬尘量降低70%,即煤尘质量浓度分别由1.838 mg/m^3降至0.460 mg/m^3,由1.936 mg/m^3降至0.580 mg/m^3;(2)因加入量很小,所加抑尘剂对煤中全水分不产生实质性影响。经检验,该抑尘剂无毒无害,完全可应用于煤流扬尘治理。

The coal conveying system is actually one of working places with coal dust pollutions in thermal power plants. Therefore it is necessary to safeguard the employees＇ health and protect the environment by applying dust suppressant agent. In this paper, based on the study on the mechanism of dust emission of coal flow and the characteristics of coal dust, a new type of environment-friendly dust suppression reagent is developed, which is composed of polyanionic cellulose and lubricant. The industrial testing results show that firstly, the dust suppression reagent is very effective in dust-controlling. Compared with spraying water, when the coal flow is 1 000 t/h, with the same spraying volume of 45 mL/s, the dust suppression agent can reduce the coal conveying belt advection dust emission by 75% and the downstream dust emission by 70%, that is, the coal dust concentration drops from 1.838 mg/m3 to 0.460 mg/m3 and from 1.936 mg/m3 to 0.580 mg/m3 respectively. Secondly, since the amount of suppression reagent is very. small, it has hardly any substantial effect on the total moisture of coal. Upon examination, the dust suppression agent is non-toxic and harmless, which is completely applicable for coal flow dust control.