大学生不同艾滋病健康教育模式效果比较

Comparison of the effects of two AIDS health education models among college students

目的比较同伴教育和专家讲座对在校大学生预防艾滋病健康教育的效果,为选择适当艾滋病健康教育模式提供依据。方法随机整群抽取徐州市488名大一学生随机分成同伴教育组和专题讲座组,分别采取同伴教育和专家讲座2种方式进行艾滋病健康教育。在教育前后进行问卷调查,比较2种艾滋病健康教育模式的效果。结果教育前,两组人群在性别、年龄、专业构成上差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);教育后两组大学生的艾滋病基本知识得分分别提高了(2.77±1.56)和(2.86±1.54)分(P值均<0.01),对艾滋病的正向态度得分提高了(0.91±0.75)和(0.92±0.77)分(P值均<0.01)。在"目前有比较有效的控制艾滋病进展的治疗方案"和"给予同性恋(同性性行为)理解"2个问题上专题讲座的效果优于同伴教育(P值均<0.05),其他问题的知晓率或正向率两种教育模式间差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论同伴教育和专题讲座两种教育模式均为提高大学生预防艾滋病知识和态度评分行之有效的方式,且各有优缺点。高校可根据实际情况选择合适的教育方式。

Objective To compare the effects of peer education and expert lectures on health education for AIDS prevention among college students, and to provide a basis for the selection of appropriate AIDS health education model. Methods Random clustered sampling method was applied to select 488 freshmen of different majors from four colleges in Xuzhou City, who were randomly divided into peer education group and expert lecture group. AIDS health education was taken in the peer education group and expert lecture group in two ways, and a questionnaire survey was conducted before and after education to analyze and compare the health education effects. Results There were no significantly statistical differences between the two groups in gender, age and professional composition before the education（ P〈0.05）. After the education, the basic knowledge of AIDS increased with（ 2.77±1.56）and（ 2.86±1.54）（ P〈0.01）. The positive attitude toward AIDS increased with（ 0.91±0.748） and（ 0.92±0.77）. There was statistical difference between the two models before and after education（ P〈0.01）. The effect of the lecture was better than peer education on the two issues that ＂There are more effective treatment plans to control the progress of AIDS currently＂ and ＂Giving gay or homosexual understanding＂（ P〈0.05）. There was no statistical difference between the two models in terms of the correct rate or the positive rate（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion Peer education and expert lectures are effective ways to improve college students＇ knowledge and attitude towards AIDS prevention. Each has its advantages and disadvantages. In order to achieve better educational effects, colleges and universities can choose the right way according to the actual situation.