贵州省2011—2015年麻风病新病例发现情况分析

Detections of new leprosy cases in Guizhou province, 2011-2015

目的分析贵州省2011—2015年新发现麻风病例发现情况,为下一步发现工作提供建议。方法采用全国麻风病防治管理信息系统中贵州省2011—2015年新发现麻风病例数据并进行统计分析。结果 942例新病例中,发现方式以线索调查为主,共发现529例,占56.16%;病例报告、皮肤科门诊、接触者检查亦为主要发现方式,分别发现137例(14.54%)、136例(14.44%)和106例(11.25%)。皮肤科门诊经过培训后发现病人能力明显提高(χ~2=31.95,P<0.01);与线索调查和接触者检查相比,皮肤科门诊和病例报告更容易发现多菌型病例,两者之间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=31.36,P<0.01)。结论现行的主要发现方式仍具有续用的意义。

Objective To analyze the status of identifying new leprosy cases in Guizhou province during 2011 - 2015 and to propose suggestions for promoting new leprosy case detection. Methods Data on all reported leprosy cases in Guizhou province from 2011 through 2015 were extracted from the National Leprosy Prevention Management Informa- tion System and analyzed using Excel. Results Of the 942 new reported cases, 529 （56. 16% ） were detected through clue survey,137 （ 14. 54% ） through case report, 136 （ 14.44% ） through examination at dermatology clinics, and 106 （11.25%）through the examination among contacts of confirmed leprosy cases,respectively. Efficiency of new leprosy case detection was obviously improved after trainings on doctors in dermatology clinics （X^2 = 31.95, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Com- pared with clue survey and contactee examination, diagnostic process in dermatology clinics and case report were more likely to detect multibacillary leprosy cases （X^2 = 31.36, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Currently used main methods for leprosy case detection should be implemented continuously in Guizhou province.