不同组织中microRNAs差异性表达与2型糖尿病发生发展相关性

Correlation of differential expression of microRNAs in various tissues with incidence and development of type 2 diabetes in diabetic patients

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)是一类长度约为19~22个核苷酸的非编码小分子RNA,近年研究表明,2型糖尿病患者不同组织中的microRNAs呈现差异性表达,并通过其对靶基因的调控作用,广泛参与了糖尿病的发生发展,在胰岛素分泌、胰岛β细胞发育、糖代谢、脂肪代谢及炎症等过程中发挥重要作用。本文总结2型糖尿病患者不同组织(胰腺、脂肪、骨骼肌)及体液(血清、血浆等)中microRNAs的差异性表达与2型糖尿病发生、发展的相关性,为正确评价microRNAs在2型糖尿病的诊断、治疗和预后监测方面的临床应用价值提供科学的理论依据。

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are a group of non-coding small RNA molecules with the length approximately from 19 to 22 nucleotides. Recent studies showed that microRNAs differentially expressed in different tissues of type 2 di- abetic patients and the rniRNAs are widely involved in the occurrence and development of diabetes, and play an important role in the processes of insulin secretion and pancreatic islet beta cells development, sugar metabolism, fat metabolism, and inflammation. In this review we summarized differentially expressed miRNAs in different tissues （pancreas, fat, and skeletal muscles ） and body fluids （miRNAs in serum and plasma） in type 2 diabetic patients, and analyzed their correla- tions with type 2 diabetes occurrence and development to provide bases for evaluating clinical application value of miRNAs in diagnosis, treatment, and 0rognosis of tyoe 2 diabetes.