不良生活事件对中职护理专业学生的影响及与创伤后应激障碍的相关性研究

Study on influence of adverse life events on secondary vocational nursing students and its correlation with posttraumatic stress disorder

目的调查中职护理专业学生不良生活事件的流行病学特征,探讨不良生活事件与创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的关系,为中职护理专业学生心理健康干预提供依据。方法采用横断面调查研究方法,以上海市卫校和上海交通大学附属卫生学校中职护理专业学生为研究对象进行问卷调查,采用EPIDATA3.1软件进行数据录入并进行逻辑纠错,采用SAS 8.2软件进行数据处理。结果调查对象平均年龄为(17.00±0.88)岁,其中男生87人(15.56%),女生472人(84.44%);不良生活事件中"考试失败或成绩不理想"发生频率较高,为81.64%;PTSD检出率为5.53%,PTSD阳性者和非阳性者之间的生活事件各因子之间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),多元Logistic回归分析显示PTSD的影响因子为人际关系因子(OR=2.93,95%CI=1.43~6.00),受惩罚因子(OR=3.91,95%CI=1.41~10.87),适应因子(OR=4.12,95%CI=1.70~9.99)。结论中职生不良生活事件发生率较高,提高学生的心理健康,应从减轻学业负担,转变授课方式,提高中职生人际交往能力,提高中职生的社会适应能力等方面入手。

Objective To survey the epidemiological characteristics of adverse life events among secondary vocational nursing students and to investigate the relationship between adverse life events and post-traumatic stress disorder（PTSD）so as to provide the basis for their psychological health intervention.Methods The cross-sectional survey method was adopted to conduct the questionnaire investigation among secondary vocational nursing students as the research subjects in Health School Attached to Shanghai Jiaotong University（SJTU）and Shanghai Municipal Nursing School.The EPIDATA3.1software was used to input the data and conduct the logic error correction.The data were processed by the SAS 8.2software.Results The average age of respondents was（17.00±0.88）years old,87respondents（15.56%）were male and 472respondents（84.44%）were female;in adverse life event, ＂failure in the exam or unsatisfactory achievement＂ had higher occurrence frequency（81.64%）;the detection rate of PTSD was5.53%,the difference in various factors of life events between positive PTSD and non-positive PTSD had statistical significance（P0.01）.The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of PTSD were interpersonal relation factor（OR=2.93,95%CI=1.43-6.00）,punishment factor（OR=3.91,95%CI=1.41-10.87）and adaptation factor（OR=4.12,95%CI=1.70-9.99）.Conclusion The incidence rate of adverse life events in the secondary vocational school students is relatively high,increasing the psychological health should start in the aspects of alleviating the study burden,changing the teaching mode,increasing the interpersonal communication ability and elevating the social adaptability of secondary vocational nursing students.