有机碳菌剂对4种植物肥料利用率和根系形态的影响

Effect of Organic Carbon Fertilizer on Fertilizer Utilization Rate and Root Morphology of Four Plants

通过设置盆栽试验,研究丁香、红瑞木、油松和白蜡4种植物在6个有机碳菌剂施用水平下的生物量、肥料利用率及根系形态的变化,以此揭示有机碳菌剂对生物量和根系形态的影响,并确定干旱区造林最佳的肥料施用量。结果表明:在试验施用范围内,4种植物根系和总生物量在不同肥料水平下存在显著差异,与对照相比,4种植物总生物量增幅分别为22.41%~82.94%,42.22%~112.96%,10.60%~55.59%和9.46%~42.61%,最大值分别在T4(20g/株)、T3(15g/株)、T5(30g/株)和T5(30g/株)时出现。肥料利用率随有机碳菌剂施用水平的提高而降低,4种植物分别降低了0.903,1.946,0.037,0.145kg/kg。有机碳菌剂对丁香和红瑞木的根系形态特征(根长、根表面积、平均直径、根尖数、分叉数)的影响达到显著水平,油松和白蜡的根系平均直径受肥料施用的影响较小,其余4项随着施用量的不同呈现显著差异。4种植物最大根长较对照增加41.29%~112.77%,最大根表面积增加34.73%~154.26%,最大平均直径增加3.85%~42.62%,最大根尖数增加47.41%~70.15%,最大分叉数增加22.93%~109.10%。研究结果表明,灌木对有机碳菌剂的响应较乔木更为敏感,在高剂量有机碳菌剂施用条件下,乔木生长优于灌木;干旱区造林工作中,乔木的有机碳菌剂施用量应该稍大,如选用30g/株,而灌木的施用量不应超过20g/株。

The purpose of this study was to acquire the effect of organic carbon fertilizer on biomass and root morphology,and to determine the optimum amount of organic carbon fertilizer in the arid area afforestation,therefore a pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of 6levels organic carbon fertilizer on biomass,fertilizer utilization rate,and root morphology of 4plants（Syringa oblate,Swida alba,Pinus tabuliformis,and Fraxinus chinensis）.The results showed that significant differences existed in 4plants＇ root and total biomass among the different fertilizer application levels in the test dosage range.The 4plants＇ total biomass increased by 22.41%-82.94%,42.22%-112.96%,10.60%-55.59%,and 9.46%-42.61% compared with the control groups,and the maximum value were at level T4（20g/strain）,T3（15g/strain）,T5（30g/strain）,T5（30g/strain）.With the increase of organic carbon fertilizer application,the fertilizer utilization efficiency of 4plants decreased by 0.903kg/kg,1.946kg/kg,0.037kg/kg,0.145kg/kg.The influence of fertilizer on root morphological characteristics（root length,surface area,average diameter,tips,crossings）of S.oblate and S.alba all reached a significant level.Average root diameters of Pinus tabuliformis and Fraxinus chinensis were less affected by fertilizer application,but the other four characteristics showed significant differences under different amount of fertilizer application.Compared with the control groups,longest root length of 4plants increased by 41.29%-112.77%,the maximum root surface area increased by34.73% -154.26%,the maximum average diameter increased by 3.85% -42.62%,the maximum tips increased by 47.41% -70.15%,the maximum crossings increased by 22.93% -109.10%.The results showed that the shrub was more sensitive to fertilizer than the tree,but the tree performed better than theshrub at high level fertilizer utilization.The fertilizer utilization for tree should be higher,30g/strain for instance,and for shrub shouldn＇t be more than 20g/strain in the arid area afforestation.