青海共和盆地贵南地区气温变化特征分析

Analysis on Change Characteristics of Air Temperature in Guinan Area of Gonghe Basin of Qinghai Province

利用贵南气象站1961—2015年逐月平均气温、平均最高气温、平均最低气温资料,采用气候统计诊断分析方法计算气温的年、季、月平均值以及气候倾向率,分析了近55年来贵南地区气温的变化趋势、突变特点及变化周期。结果表明,近55年贵南地区年平均气温、最高气温、最低气温均呈极显著的增温,且上升趋势具有较强的一致性;各月气温也均呈增温趋势。在诸多影响因素中,低云量对气温影响最大,其次为空气水汽压和相对湿度。Mann-Kendall检验表明,年平均气温、年平均最高气温和年平均最低气温分别在1990、1993、1970年发生了由低到高的突变。

Using the monthly average temperature,average maximum temperature and average minimum temperature data of Guinan meteorological station from 1961 to 2015,the annual,quarterly and monthly average values of temperature and climate tendency rate were calculated by climate statistical diagnostic analysis method,the change trend,mutation characteristics and the change period of temperature in Guinan area were analyzed in the past 55 years. The results showed that the annual average temperature,maximum temperature and minimum temperature in Guinan area had a significant warming in recent 55 years,and the rising trend had strong consistency,the temperature of each month was also warming. Among the influencing factors,the low cloud cover had the greatest influence on the temperature,followed by the air vapor pressure and the relative humidity. Mann-Kendall test showed that the annual mean temperature,the annual average maximum temperature and the annual average minimum temperature in 1990,1993,1970 occurred from low to high mutation.