基于“学习故事”提升幼儿园教师实践智慧的个案研究

A Case Study on the Improvement of Kindergarten Teachers' Practical Wisdom Based on “Learning Stories”

实践智慧是教师专业发展的核心与标尺。在"学习故事"行动研究的情境中,采用个案研究法探析三位幼儿园骨干教师实践智慧生成与表征的共性和差异。研究发现:幼儿园教师实践智慧既有共性,又有个性。三位个案研究对象具有共同的特点:一是拥有成长型思维;师德高尚,幼儿喜欢、家长信服;有职业理想、个人专业成长有规划、有上进心,不断追求进步。二是了解幼儿的心理特点、认知规律和发展需求,能结合幼儿兴趣与需要,提供有准备的环境,恰当地给与幼儿支持和回应,在行动研究中磨炼、丰富、提升自己。三是健康的人格特征、稳定的情绪状态,享受自身的专业生活。三位个案研究对象具有不同的实践智慧类型:取得学前专业本科文凭、红色性格的朱红老师是"有心"的热情型老师;取得学前专业本科文凭、黄色性格的黄敏老师是善于"留白"的理性型老师;英语专业本科毕业、蓝色性格的蓝静老师是敢于"吃蟹"的创新型老师。

Practical wisdom is the core and scale of teachers＇ professional development.In the context of ＂learning story＂ action research,the paper approaches the generation and representation of preschool teachers＇ practical wisdom by case study.The study finds that similarities and dissimilarities exist in different kindergarten teachers＇ practical wisdom.Three samples involved in the case study share three similar characteristics：1）They are all of growth mindset and have professional ideals and development plans as well as noble ethics,who are beloved and accepted by both children and parents;2）They are able to provide children with well-prepared environment,proper support and response to meet children＇s development needs and satisfy their interests in accordance with children＇s psychological characteristics,cognition and development demands,meanwhile they are able to train,enrich and improve themselves in the study;3）They have healthy personality and calm mood and enjoy their own professional lives.While they are of different types of practical wisdom：Zhu Hong,a bachelor majoring in preschool education,is a teacher of enthusiastic type belonging to Red Character;Huang Min,a bachelor majoring in preschool education,is a teacher of rational type who is good at providing children with broader imaginative space belonging to Yellow Character;Lan Jin,a bachelor majoring in English,is a teacher of creative type belonging to Blue Character.