傅山与五台山兼论其写景纪游诗的艺术特点——以《五台八首》为例

Fu Shan and Mount Wutai: Concurrently Discuss the Artistic Features of His Scenery Tour Poetry——Take Eight Poems of Mount Wutai as an Example

明清鼎革之际傅山"兴亡着意拼",反清斗争失败后陷入了极度的痛苦之中,云游各地既是消遣避难,又是立志继续抗争。以《五台八首》为代表的写景纪游诗是傅山在特定时代的产物,由事而起,缘情而发,"不事炉锤,纯任天机",字里行间融有强烈而执着的悲愤哀怨之情,染有浓厚的时代凄凉之感,境界较为幽寂空灵。其诗取径子史,在诗歌语言上既有新颖奇妙,追求字句奇特的一面,又有自然平和,语意流畅精准的一面。受佛教影响,傅山诗歌中自觉不自觉地融有浓厚的佛教意识,有众多鲜明的佛教意象与佛教典故,体现出诗人特有的佛学观念。

During the turning stage between Ming and Qing Dynasties,Fu Shan,＂fighting deliberately regardless of the rise and fall of his own life＂,were into a very painful state after the failure of anti-Qing struggle. His aimless wandering is both a refuge searching,and a determined fighting strategy. The scenery tour poem of Fu Shan,Eight Poems of Mount Wutai as the representative,is the product of a specific era,generated randomly. The strong and persistent grievances and sad feelings are filled between the lines,dyed a strong sense of the desolate era. The realm is more quiet and ethereal. The poem drew materials from Chinese history and schools of various thoughts. Fu Shan＇s poems is not only focus on the novelty of poetic language,the pursuit of expressiveness of words,but also pursuing the accurate and vividness of words,the no trace of salt soluble in water-like nature. Affected by Buddhism,Fu Shan＇s poetry integrated unselfconsciously a strong Buddhist consciousness. There are many distinct Buddhist images and Buddhist allusions. It＇s also a reflection of the unique Buddhist concept of Fu Shan.