广东省市售大米中镉的污染水平及其健康风险评估

The Contamination Level and Health Risk Assessment of Cadmium in Retailed Rice in Guangdong Province

本文研究了2016年广东省各地市市售大米中镉的污染情况及镉通过大米途径摄入的健康风险。以石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定大米中的镉,采用国家标准规定的限量值评价大米中镉的污染水平,同时采用2002年广东省居民膳食营养与健康状况调查数据,以美国环保局的《致癌风险评价指南》为标准,对大米中镉通过食用途径进入人群的健康风险进行评价。结果显示广东省市售大米中镉的检出率大于99%,超标率为0,镉通过大米食用途径对人群的平均个人年风险值均低于美国环保局的标准,低收入人群年风险值较中高收入人群高,10岁以下儿童年风险值高于其他年龄段人群。为减少大米中镉对人群的健康产生危害,低收入人群应均衡营养,多以其他谷类为主食,儿童大米镉膳食致癌风险需要高度关注。

In this paper, the pollution and health risk of cadmium in rice of Guangdong Province in 2016 were studied. The cadmium content in rice was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, then as- sessed according to the national standard. At the same time, using dietary nutrition and health status of Guangdong province from 2002 survey, health risk of cadmium were evaluated with reference to the U. S. EPA guidelines for cancer risk evaluation.Results show that cadmium in rice was detected more than 99%, violation rate was zero, the health risk was lower than U. S. EPA guideline,while health risk in low-income people was higher than that in middle and high income groups, and the children under the age of 10 was higher than other age groups. In order to reduce the harm for people＇s health in rice, low income people should be balanced nutrition, and more to other grains as the staple food, the cancer risk of children from cadmium in rice requires a high degree of attention.