沈阳市高校离退休老年人抑郁现状及其与身体活动关系分析

Depression Status of Retired Teachers in Colleges and Universities in Shenyang and the Correlation between Depression and Physical Activity

目的:分析沈阳市高校离退休老年人的抑郁现状,并分析其抑郁程度与身体活动的相关性。方法:对沈阳市两所高校的离退休老年人132名采用横断面调查的方法,使用社会学资料调查表、老年人抑郁量表和老年人身体活动量表来收集高校离退休老年人的人口社会学资料,抑郁程度和身体活动的数据。结果:132名高校离退休老年人的抑郁得分为6.69±5.14,抑郁的发生率为20.46%。收入越高,抑郁得分越低(P<0.05),不同年龄、性别、受教育程度、婚姻状况、工作状况、职称之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。离退休老年人的身体活动水平与抑郁程度呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:高校离退休老年人身体活动和经济收入是抑郁的保护因素,因此,我们在今后应基于提高离退休老年人的身体活动和社会保障的基础上制定干预措施,减少其抑郁的发生。

Objective： To explore the depression status of retired teachers in colleges and universities in Shenyang, and to analyze the correlation between depression and physical activity. Methods： A total of 132 retired teachers from two universities in Shenyang were sampled by using the method of cross-sectional survey. The data were collected by self-designed general information questionnaire, GDS-30 and PASE. The data of demographic sociology, depression and physical activity of retired teachers were collected. Results： The depression score of 132 retired teachers was 6.69_＋5.14, 105 without depression, 23 with mild depression and 4 with severe depression. The incidence rate of depression was 20.46%. The higher the income, the lower the score of depression （P〈0.05） . There was no difference among different age, gender, educational level, marital status, working condition and title （P〉 0.05） . The level of physical activity of retired teachers was negatively correlated with the degree of depression （P〈0.05） . Conclusion： Physical activity and economic income are the protective factors of depression. Therefore, we should improve the physical activity and social security of retired teachers in the future. On the basis of the development of interventions to reduce the incidence of depression.