基于行人头部碰撞保护的发动机罩结构设计

The Structure Design of Engine Hood for Pedestrian Head Protection

在车辆与行人碰撞事故中行人属于弱势群体,而且行人头部受到的伤害尤其严重,所以研究发动机罩结构有利于提高行人头部的保护。文章基于GB/T 24550—2009中行人头部碰撞保护的要求和CAE计算精度设定头部碰撞保护的设计目标,阐述了避开碰撞风险区、增大溃缩空间及弱化零部件局部结构的3种主要设计方法,并且利用PAM-CRASH软件详细分析了这些方法在发动机罩结构设计中的应用和改善效果,结果表明头部损伤指数(HIC)均有不同程度地降低,最大降幅可达892。该方法对汽车行人保护开发方面具有实际借鉴意义。

The pedestrian belongs to the weak member in the vehicle and pedestrian collision accident, and the head of a person is especially injured, so studying the hood structure is helpful to improve the protection for the head. In this paper, the objective of the pedestrian head impact protection is set based on GB/T 24550-2009 requirement and CAE calculation accuracy. Three main design methods, including avoiding the impact zone, enlarging the collapsing space and weakening the local structure of the part, are stated. Furthermore, the applications and improvements in hood are analyzed in detail by PAM- CRASH. The results show that HIC has been decreased to some degree, of which maximum drop is 892. This method is of great significance to the development of pedestrian head protection.