西部边疆地区农业社会化服务水平及制约因素分解——以新疆地区为例

Analysis of the service level of agricultural socialization in the western border areas and the restriction factors——take Xinjiang as an example

推进农业社会化服务发展,降低农产品生产、运输和销售成本,成为破解西部边疆农业发展难题、提升沿线省市农产品的综合竞争力的关键。本研究运用熵值法,分析了新疆农业社会化服务发展现状:从整体看,新疆农业社会化服务水平整体呈现出波动上升的趋势,但发展较为缓慢。数据表明,发展水平最高的是公共服务,其次是金融流通服务、生产服务,科技信息服务的发展水平最低。从制约水平看,第一产业固定资产投资额、村民委员会数量对公共服务制约作用显著,第一产业从业人员、农村用电量的制约作用开始下降;农业保险、农副产品加工业投入金额对金融流通服务的制约作用呈下降趋势,农业贷款额的制约作用显著;农作物受灾面积、农业生产资料价格总指数对生产服务的制约作用显著,肥施用量、农药使用量等指标的制约作用开始下降;农民技术培训学校培训对科技信息服务的制约作用显著,而乡村电话用户、广播人口覆盖率的制约作用呈现下降趋势。研究建议:以市场为导向,加强农业生产的基础服务建设,实践生产与市场的高效衔接;借助现代传播技术,优化农业社会化服务管理体系,提高农业社会化服务质量。

To promote agricultural socialization service development and reduce the cost of agricultural production,transportation,and sales are the key to crack problems in agricultural development in western frontier areas and promote the comprehensive competitiveness of agricultural products in the provinces and cities along the border.This paper,using the method of entropy,analyzes the current situation of the development of Xinjiang agricultural socialization service：From the overall situation,Xinjiang agricultural socialization service level presents the trend of fluctuation rising,but development is relatively slow.The data shows that the highest level of development is public service,followed by financial circulation services,production services and the lowest level of development is scientific and technological information services.From the restriction level,the first goes to the primary industry＇s investment on fixed assets and the number of villagers＇ committees,while restriction from the professionals in the first industry,and the role of rural electricity consumption begins to decline;Agricultural insurance and the amount of investment in agricultural and sideline products are decreasing in the financial circulation service,and the restriction of agricultural loans is significant.The crop disaster-affected areas and the overall price index of agricultural production materials significantly affect production services,while the effect of applying fertilizer,pesticides and other indicators of restriction begin to decline;Trainingfrom farmers technical training schools significantly affects science and technology information service,while the restriction of rural telephone users and radio coverage shows a trend of decline.It is suggested that we should strengthen the basic service construction of agricultural production in the market,and practice the efficient linking of production and market.We will improve the social service management system and improve the quality of agricultural social services through the use of modern communication technology.