基于GIS与MAXENT模型分析的国家公园传统用地适宜性评价及应用研究——以神农架国家公园为例

The application research on suitability evaluation of traditional land use in national park based on GIS and MAXENT model——Shennongjia National Park as an example

如何协调国家公园中传统用地和生态环境保护的关系成为当前国家公园建设必须要解决的问题.从传统用地的空间分布出发,尝试根据不同地域发展对资源和自然环境条件的需求,及其与土地现状的匹配关系,运用生态位理论最大熵模型MAXENT,进行土地生态适宜性分析.结果表明,在各个环境变量中,高程、道路距离、坡度是影响传统用地分布的主要因素,其中高程的重要性最高;神农架国家公园传统用地生态适宜开发性整体水平不高,用地量的压力主要在木鱼、坪堑两处,红花坪可作为木鱼镇的预留区域,板桥下谷为坪堑-大九湖预留区域.为定量分析国家公园传统用地的生态适宜性提供依据,为民生用地的开发建设提供指导.

How to coordinate the relationship between traditional land use and ecological environment protection in national parks has been a problem that must be solved in the current national park construction.Based on the spatial distribution of traditional land use,we tries to analyze the demand of resources and natural environment according to different regions,and the relationship between the land and the present situation,the ecological entropy model MAXENT was used to analyze the ecological suitability of the land. The results show that elevation,road distance and slope are the main factors influencing the distribution of traditional land in all various environmental variables,among which the elevation is the most important,and the space of the land use in Shennongjia National Park is limited,the pressure of land use is mainly in Muyu and Pingqian areas,Honghuaping can be used as a reserved area of Muyu town,and Banqiao as a reserved area of Pingqian-Dajiuhu. The results provides the basis for the quantitative analysis of the ecological suitability of the traditional land of the national park and provides guidance for the development and construction of the livelihood area.