欧洲宗教改革时期的激进改革运动

The Radical Reformation in European Reformation Time

宗教改革揭开了欧洲早期资产阶级革命的序幕,确立了《圣经》的权威地位,反对天主教会政教合一的神权统治。由于主流改革局限在宗教范畴之内,止步在世俗权力面前,未能彻底贯彻宗教改革的宗旨,激进改革应运而起。在宗教层面,激进改革要求仿效使徒时代的原始教会,建立不受国家政权控制、由信徒组成的教会;在社会层面,激进改革反对天主教会的政治、经济压迫,要求建立一个更公正、更平等、更符合基督教理想的社会。激进改革代表了以农民、工匠为主体的下层民众的利益和要求,是对宗教改革的继承和突破,具有重要的历史意义。

European Reformation was a prologue to the early bourgeois revolution and established the authority of the Bible. It opposed the Catholic theocracy of the unification of the state and the church. As the mainstream Reformation confined its reform to the religious realm and yielded to the worldly authority,the radical reformation emerged and became flourishing. In religious level,the radical reformation demanded to build a believers’church which was out of the state control,as the primitive church of the Apostolic Age; and in social level,the radical reformation opposed the political and economic oppression and claimed to build a more just,more equal and more Christian society. The radical reformation was both an inheritance and also a breakthrough to the Reformation. It represented the interest and requirement of the lower classes.