甘肃陇南市花椒棉蚜生物学特性及防治技术

Aphis Gossypii Biological Characteristics and Control Technology of Longnan Prefecture,Gansu Province

棉蚜属半翅目:胸喙亚目:蚜虫科,蚜属,棉蚜(Aphis gossypii)俗称蜜虫、腻虫、油虫。在我国花椒产区均有发生,是花椒主要虫害之一,以若虫、成虫为害椒树的嫩枝、嫩叶、花及幼果。椒树被害后生长发育不良,致使落花落果,降低产量。严重时,感染煤污病,影响叶片光合作用,降低椒树坐果率或果实不饱满,一般减产20%―30%,严重的可减产50%,严重影响经济收益。通过对棉蚜的药效试验,筛选出了40%毒死蜱、0.5%藜芦碱3000倍液,3.15%阿维·吡虫啉2000倍液,40%毒死蜱2000倍液为适宜浓度,防治效果均在90%以上。

The Aphis gossypii , belonging to Hemiptera ： Sternorrhyncha： aphididae, aphis （Aphis gossypii Glover） , is commonly known as honey bug, Ni - Chong, oil. It is one of the main pests for Zan- thoxylum bungeanum, whose twigs, leaves, flowers and young fruit are often damaged through larva, adult pests. After damaged, real - development would be appearing, flowers withering and fruits falling, leading to low production. What＇ s worse, the trees will be infected with sooty mould, affecting the leaves photosyn- thesis and reducing the fruits. The general yield will be decreased by 20% - 30% , even by 50% for the serious situation, which greatly affects the economic benefits. After testing on the pharmacodynamics of cot- ton aphid, the experiment selected 40% chlorpyrifos. Then, 0.5% veratrine with 3000 times liquid, 3. 15% avi imidacloprid with 2000 times liquid, and 40% chlorpyrifos with 2000 times liquid are appropriate concentration to prevent and control the pests, the effects can be over 90%.