尿毒症腹膜透析病人骨质疏松的危险因素及相关性研究

Study on risk factors and correlation of osteoporosis in patients with peritoneal dialysis

[目的]探讨尿毒症腹膜透析病人骨质疏松的危险因素。[方法]随机选取2015年3月—2016年3月在我科行腹膜透析治疗的130例尿毒症病人,收集病人的一般资料和生化检查结果,应用双能X线测量病人腰椎和股骨的骨密度,采用Logistic回归分析对导致骨质疏松的相关因素进行分析。[结果]130例病人中,骨量正常30例(23.1%),骨量减少42例(32.3%),骨质疏松58例(44.6%);Logistic回归分析显示:年龄(OR=3.261,P=0.012)、性别(OR=4.617,P=0.000)、高血压(OR=2.762,P=0.008)、糖尿病(OR=3.711,P=0.005)、冠心病(OR=4.821,P=0.014)、透析龄(OR=3.268,P=0.002)是骨质疏松的危险因素;年龄(r=0.317,P=0.000)、性别(r=0.226,P=0.003)、高血压(r=0.172,P=0.000)、糖尿病(r=0.147,P=0.014)、冠心病(r=0.102,P=0.016)、透析龄(r=0.213,P=0.002)与骨质疏松相关。[结论]年龄、性别、高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、透析龄是尿毒症腹膜透析病人骨质疏松的危险因素,专科护士需对可调控的危险因素进行干预,以提高病人的生活质量,减少并发症。

Objective：To probe into the risk factors of osteoporosis in patients with peritoneal dialysis.Methods：A total of 130 uremic patients were randomly treated with peritoneal dialysis in our hospital from March 2015 to March 2016.The patient＇s general information and biochemical test results were collected and bone mineral density of lumbar vertebrae and femur was measured by dual energy X-ray.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors of osteoporosis.Results：In 130 patients,30 cases of normal bone mass（23.1%）,42 cases with osteopenia（32.3%） and 58 cases with osteoporosis（44.6%）.Logistic regression analysis showed that age（OR=3.261,P=0.012）,gender（OR=4.617,P=0.000）,hypertension（OR=2.762,P=0.008）,diabetes（OR=3.711,P=0.005）,coronary heart disease（OR=4.821,P=0.014）,dialysis age（OR=3.268,P=0.002） were risk factors for osteoporosis.The age（r=0.317,P=0.000）,gender（r=0.226,P=0.003）,hypertension（r=0.172,P=0.000）,diabetes（r=0.147,P=0.014）,coronary heart disease（r=0.102,P=0.016）,dialysis age（r=0.213,P=0.002） were correlated with osteoporosis.Conclusion：Age,gender,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,coronary heart disease and dialysis age were risk factors for osteoporosis in patients with peritoneal dialysis.Specialist nurses need to intervene aiming at the risk factors that can be adjusted,so as to improve the quality of life of patients and reduce complications.