完全性肺静脉异位引流矫治术后肺静脉梗阻的治疗探讨

Treatment of Pulmonary Venous Obstruction in Patients After Total Anomalous Pulmonary Pulmonary Venous Connection Operation

目的:总结完全性肺静脉异位引流(TAPVC)矫治术后肺静脉梗阻的治疗经验。方法:回顾性分析2011-01至2015-12于青岛市妇女儿童医院心脏中心施行TAPVC矫治术后发生肺静脉梗阻16例患儿的临床资料,其中男性10例。所有患儿均出院前、术后1个月、3个月、6个月、12个月、24个月回院复诊,包括经胸心脏超声多普勒、心电图、X线胸部正侧位片。以经胸心脏超声多普勒检查肺静脉流速>2 m/s为梗阻标准,诊断肺静脉梗阻。结合患儿临床表现(反复心力衰竭、生长发育迟缓)确定二次手术时机。二次手术采用sutureless缝合技术和常规补片扩大技术。结果:术后发生肺静脉狭窄16例患儿无失访,其中7例吻合口周围狭窄(混合型1例,心下型3例,心上型2例,心内型1例);7例单支肺静脉狭窄,2例双支肺静脉狭窄,无三支及以上肺静脉狭窄。按术前Darling类型分:混合型2例,心下型5例,心上型5例,心内型4例。11例(68.8%)术后肺静脉狭窄流速增快发生在术后3~6个月。5例二次手术患儿中,4例采用sutureless缝合技术,1例采用常规补片扩大技术,均为吻合口周围梗阻狭窄,2例死亡,3例患儿随访中。结论:TAPVC矫治术后吻合口周围狭窄为主要二次手术适应证,并且需早期即行手术。

Objective： To summarize the experience for treating pulmonary venous obstruction in patients after total anomalous pulmonary venous connection（TAPVC） operation. Methods： A total of 16 patients with post-TAPVC pulmonary venous obstruction in our hospital from 2011-01 to 2015-12 were retrospectively analyzed including10 male. All patients received echocardiography, electrocardiogram and chest X-ray examinations at pre-discharge, 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months post-operation. Pulmonary venous obstruction was diagnosed by echocardiography measured pulmonary vein（PV） flow speed〉2m/s. The time of re-operation was determined by clinical manifestations as recurrent heart failure and growth retardation; sutureless technique and conventional patch enlarge technique were used in the second operation.Results： No one lost contact in all 16 patients. There were 7/16 patients with anastomotic stenosis（1 mixed type, 3 infracardiac type, 2 supracardiac type and 1 cardiac type）, 7 patients with one PV stenosis, 2 with two PV stenosis and nobody with three or more PV stenosis. Based on per-operative Darling classification, there were 2 patients with mixed type, 5 with infracardiac type, 5 with supracardiac type and 4 with cardiac type. Most post-operative PV stenosis occurred at 3-6 months after the surgery. There were 5 patients receive re-operation, 4 with sutureless technique, 1 with conventional patch enlarge technique and all of them suffered from anastomotic stenosis. 2 patients died and 3 were followed-up.Conclusion： Post-operative anastomotic stenosis was the main indication for re-operation in patients after TAPVC; early operation could better improve the clinical condition.