摘要
PISA2015科学素养测试公开试题在能力要求方面主要考察学生在"科学地解释数据和证据""科学地解释现象"能力标准上的表现,在具体的评价试题设计方面所涉及的科学知识主要是"程序性知识"和"内容性知识",对背景范围的关注主要集中在个人、地区/国家情景,对于试题所属科学内容主题则都有涉猎,大多数试题属于中等水平题目,在试题形式方面倾向于以简单选择题的形式呈现。根据PISA2015科学素养测试公开试题的特点,建议在科学教学实践过程中,注重学生对科学现象的解释,强化数据和证据的应用;关注科学知识建立过程的程序性知识,加强学生对科学本质的理解;增加科学知识产生的真实个人、地区/全球背景介绍,丰富科学教学素材。
Through the analysis of PISA2015 scientific literacy test questions, the researcher found that it primarily tests the students＇ performance in competencies of ＂scientific interpretation of data and evidence＂ and ＂scientific explanation of phenomenon＂, in content and procedural knowledge, in personal and local/national contexts. Most of those items involve the whole science topic, belong to medium level in the deep of knowledge, and present in simple choice. According to the items characteristics, there are some recommendations for science teaching, such as paying attention to the explanation for science phenomena and the application of science data and evidence, laying emphasis on the procedural knowledge about the process to build science knowledge and students＇ comprehend for the nature of science, and increasing the real personal and local/national background introduction of producing the science knowledge in order to enrich the teaching materials.
出处
《外国中小学教育》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第9期69-76,共8页
Primary & Secondary Schooling Abroad
