“二孩政策”背景下山东省妇幼保健资源配置状况分析

Analysis on maternal and child health care resource allocation under the background of “Two-Child Policy” in Shandong province

[目的]在"二孩政策"背景下系统分析山东省妇幼保健资源配置状况,为进一步优化妇幼保健资源配置、应对急剧增长的妇幼保健服务需求提供参考。[方法]基于统计年鉴数据,采用描述性分析和基尼系数评价分析方法。[结果]山东省妇幼保健资源的规模一直处于稳步增长态势;2014年每万人口拥有妇幼保健机构床位数1.66张及妇幼保健卫生技术人员2.18人;保健机构床位资源和卫生技术人员按人口分布的基尼系数分别为0.3及0.23;山东省妇幼保健机构卫生技术人员以35岁以下年轻人员为主,学历以大专为主(占42.58%),职称以初级为主(占60%)。[结论]山东省每万人妇幼保健机构床位数和卫生技术人员数都高于全国平均水平,保健资源配置的公平性较好。为应对"二孩政策"下急剧增长的妇幼保健服务需求,山东省应稳步提高妇幼保健资源的规模,重视资源配置的公平性,进一步优化卫生技术人员的学历和职称结构。

Objective To analyze maternal and child health care resource allocation under the background of ＂Two - Child Policy＂ in Shandong province so as to provide reference for further optimizing maternal and child health health care resource allocation and answering rapidly rising requirement of maternal and child health care service. Methods Data were collected from statistical yearbook, used descriptive analysis and Gi- ni coefficient analysis method. Results The scale of maternal and child health care resource in Shandong province was in steady - state growth. In 2014, bed number of maternal and child health care institutions that per 10000 person had was 1.66, and maternal and child health care workers was 2. 18. The Gini coefficients of population distribution of maternal and child health care beds and health workers was 0. 3 and 0. 23 respectively. Most health workers in maternal and child health care hospitals in Shandong were under 35 years old, and their education background was junior college （42.58%）, and their professional title mainly was primary （60%） . Conclusions The beds number and health workers of maternal and child health care institutions that per ten thousand people have are better than national level. The fairness of health care resource is better. For meeting rapidly rising requirement of maternal and child health care service under the background of ＂Two - Child Poli- cy＂, it needs to steadily improve the scale of maternal and child health care resource, pay more attention to the fairness of health care resource, further optimize the structure of health workers＇ education level and professional title.