团体心理辅导对精神专科培训学员心理压力及健康促进生活方式的影响

Effect of Group Psychological Counseling on the Mental Stress and Health Promotion Lifestyle of the Training Nurses of Psychiatrics

目的探讨团体心理辅导对精神专科培训学员心理压力和健康促进生活方式的影响。方法对44名参加四川省精神专科护士培训班的学员进行为期7周,1次/周,共7次的规范化团体心理辅导,在培训前、培训结束时,应用中文版护士工作压力源量表、健康促进生活方式量表-Ⅱ中文版,测量专科培训学员原单位工作状态下的护理压力源及最近1个月的生活方式,并比较培训前后的差异。结果专科培训学员压力源总分与各因子分培训前后比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),压力源各因子均分>2.3分,表明精神科专科培训学员面临较大的心理压力源,且对压力源的感知没有变化。培训后,学员在健康促进生活方式总分、健康责任、压力管理、体育运动、精神成长评分均高于培训前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论精神科专科培训学员面临较大的心理压力源,心理辅导应作为专科护士培训课程设置的重要内容。团体心理辅导对精神专科培训学员既能起到专业训练的目的,更重要的是促进自我成长,能采取更积极的健康生活方式应对压力。

Objective To study the effect of group psychological counseling on the mental stress and health promotion lifestyle of the training nurses of psychiatrics. Methods The standardized group psychological counseling was given to 44 participants attending the psychiatric nurse training course of Sichuan province once a week for 7 weeks and it was implemented for 7 times in total. The scale of work pressure source of nurses in Chinese version and the scale of health promoting lifestyle in Chinese version were adopted to measure the work pressure source in their own hospitals and their lifestyle of the latest month. The differences were compared between before and after training. Results There were no differences between the total score of the stress sources and the scores of each factor in the training nurses before and after training （P^0.05）. The average score of all the factors was above 2.3, which showed that the training nurses of psychiatrics were confronted with great psychological stressors and they had no changes in perceiving stressors after training. However, the scores of health promoting lifestyle, health responsibility, stress management, physical exercises and spiritual growth were higher after training than before training, and the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The training nurses of psychiatrics were confronted with great psychological stressors, so the psychological counseling should be an important part of the training course for the training nurses of psychiatrics. The group psychological counseling can achieve the purpose of professional training for the training nurses of psychiatrics, and it is more important that it can promote their self-growth so that they can take a more active and healthy lifestyle to cope with stress.