王安石的女性观——以女性墓志中的女性形象为论述中心

An Analysis of Wang Anshi's View on Women——Focusing on the Female Image in Female Epitaphs

王安石的女性墓志中描绘的女性形象是集封建女德与独立性格特征于一体的。她们具备了前人所描写的传统性格特征,即为妇之承父母舅姑以孝、为妻之助夫君以贤、为母之教子女以慈,还具备了不依附男性的独立性格特征。王安石描写此类独立性格特征时,摆脱了传统的男性视角,以儒家衡量士大夫的标准着眼于女子自身才华与品性,彰显了精神独立、人格独立之个性。这与传统女性形象有着很大差别,体现出王安石进步的女性观。

In Wang Anshils female epitaphs, the female image reveals a perfect combination of feudal female virtues and modern independence. The women not only possess traditional characters as described by predecessors, i.e. showing filial obedience to her parents and parents-in-law as a married woman, helping her husband as a wife and educating her children as a mother, but also an independent personality unattached to men. When depicting women＇s independence, Wang Anshi got rid of the traditional male perspective, and manifested women/s spiritual independence and personality independence by using the standard with which the Confucians assessed scholar-officials and focusing on women＇s talents and qualities. The female image Wang Anshi described is quite different from traditional female image, reflecting his advanced view on women.