百年中国主流文化辩

Argument for One-Hundred-Year Chinese Mainstream Culture

"五·四"的意义是多重性的,其中的意义之一,它是一场新文化运动。所谓新文化是相对于旧文化而言的,旧文化无疑是指以儒学与儒家为代表的传统文化,新文化是指"五·四"以后形成的以西方近代民主与科学和马克思主义为代表的新质文化。"五·四"以后的百年中国,构成中国的主流文化究竟是新文化,还是旧文化?有人认为,"五·四"新文化运动造成了中华民族传统文化的断裂,也有人认为,"五·四"新文化从未成为中国的主流文化。本文认为,百年中国的主流或主导性文化究竟是新文化,还是其它的文化?这个问题极其重要,它不仅关涉百年中国的历史评价,而且更涉及中国文化发展的路径与方向。"五·四"新文化运动不仅方向正确,而且对二十世纪中国文化乃至历史发展的影响是巨大而深远的,在二十世纪中国文化发展的趋势与潮流中,其主流性的地位应是不争的。

The significance of the May 4th Movement is multiple in history, one of them is that it is a new culture movement. The so-called new culture is relative to the old culture, and the old culture is referred to the traditional culture represented by Confucianism and Confucian. The new culture is a new mass culture represented by the western modern democracy and science, and Marxism. Is the mainstream culture of China in the past century after the May 4th Movement the new culture, or the old culture？ Some argued that the May 4th New Culture Movement caused the fracture of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation, but a more general view was that the May 4th New Culture never became Chinese mainstream culture. This paper thinks that, it is a very important problem that the mainstream culture or the dominant culture of China in the past century is the new culture, or other cultural issues, because this problem not only relates to evaluate one hundred years of Chinese history, but also involves in the development path and direction of Chinese culture.