葛兰西“有机知识分子”理论探究

Exploration of Gramsci's Theory of Organic Intellectual

葛兰西文化领导权理论开启了西方马克思主义研究意识形态问题的先河,而其关键环节在于对"有机知识分子"的理解。葛兰西立足于马克思主义传统和西方市民社会的演变来理解和界定"有机知识分子",认为"有机知识分子"集团作为沟通文化和受众的渠道而发挥其黏合剂的作用,引导大众走向自觉的文化精神,它和其他社会集团间隐秘的资本、权力关系贯穿了一个阶级产生、发展、衰退的全过程。在此基础上,可以突破对知识分子的传统认识,深化对市民社会、国家和文化意识形态间的关系的理解,对做好当前的意识形态工作具有借鉴意义。

Gramsci＇s theory of cultural leadership is the pioneer of the study of ideological issues among western Marxism. The key of his study is the interpretation of ＂organic intellectual＂ , which is based on Marxist tradition and the evolution of civil society in the west. Gramsci claims that the group of organic intellectuals functions as a bonding agent by bridging cultures and accept channel, leading the masses to the conscious cultural spirit. The connection between organic intellectuals and other social groups＂ private capital and power went through the overall process of the creation, development and recession of a class. On this basis, we could break through the traditional knowledge of intellectuals and make a further understanding of the relations between the citizen societies, states and culture ideology. Therefore, it has referential significance for us to make our current culture ide- ology work better.