橡胶材料参数测定及其阻尼减振应用研究

Application Research on Determination of Material Parameters and Damping & Vibration Reduction of the Rubber

为提高大型、重型装备运行寿命及可靠性,减振降噪设计已成为动力学设计中关注的重点。传统减振垫损耗系数低,减振效果及抗疲劳、抗老化能力都较差,失效后更换困难。作为高效、经济的阻尼减振降噪材料,橡胶具有高分子聚合物的性能,通常要根据产品的固有特性进行专业化设计。为了提高设计效率,进行事前性能预估,须对橡胶材料参数进行测定。在对某型防爆胶轮车柴油发动机的减振系统进行结构设计过程中,通过采用M350-10 k N阻尼材料实验机进行单轴向拉伸试验,获取了某种橡胶的C_(10)、C_(01)材料常数,将该常数值代入2参数Mooney-Rivlin模型,采用ANSYS有限元软件对设计出的筒状减振器性能进行了预估,理论分析结果对于指导设计起到了重要的作用,所设计产品经装机实车实验、煤矿井下工业性实验,结果表明:减振器性能稳定,使用寿命较原有传统减振器提高100%以上。

In order to improve service life and reliability of large and heavy equipments,the design of vibration and noise reduction has become the focus of dynamic design. Traditional damping pad has low loss coefficient,poor damping effect and anti-fatigue,anti-aging abilities,and it＇s difficult to be replaced after failure. As an efficient and economical damping vibration and noise reduction material,rubber has the performance of polymer,usually needed to be professionally designed according to inherent characteristics of a product. Rubber material parameters should be measured so as to improve design efficiency and make pre-performance estimate. In a process of structure design of the damping system of a diesel engine of a flame proof rubber tyre vehicle,material constants（ C_（10） and C_（01）） of a rubber were obtained by a uniaxial tensile test using an M350-10 k N damping material testing machine,and then were substituted into a 2-parameter Mooney-Rivlin model,and then the performance of the designed cylindrical shock absorber was estimated by an ANSYS finite element software,and the results of the theoretical analysis have played an important role in guiding the design. The designed products have been tested by installed on real machines and underground coal mine industry,and the results show that the shock absorber has stable performance and more than 100% longer service life than traditional shock absorber.