安徽省2015年心脑血管事件监测结果分析

Analysis of surveillance results of cardiovascular events in Anhui province,2015

目的了解安徽省心脑血管病流行现状,为制定相关防控措施提供科学依据。方法根据国家"重点慢性病监测信息系统"中2015年安徽省5个国家心脑血管事件报告监测点资料进行分析。结果 2015年安徽省国家心脑血管事件报告监测点户籍居民心脑血管事件粗发病率为579.20/10万,其中男性发病率(595.024/10万)高于女性(562.40/10万),差异有统计学意义(U=3.93,P<0.05);农村发病率(596.23/10万)高于城市(479.58/10万),差异有统计学意义(U=9.93,P<0.05);各县区发病率在458.64/10万~680.92/10万之间,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=367.79,P<0.001);心脑血管事件的发病率随年龄增加呈上升趋势(χ~2=1633897,P<0.001)。女性首发病例平均年龄(68.62±11.74岁)晚于男性(67.88±11.71岁),差异有统计学意义(t=-3.58,P<0.001)。脑卒中发病率是冠心病的4倍。脑梗死、急性心肌梗死和脑出血为发病率最高的三种疾病,占全部病例的95.57%。冬春季节发病率高于夏秋季。结论安徽省心脑血管病发病存在性别、城乡、县区、年龄、季节分布差异,应在冬春季节,重点加强对农村老年男性人群的防控。

Objective To understand the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, and provide scientific basis for formula- ting control measures. Methods According to the national ＂information system for key chronic disease surveillance＂, data of five national cardiovascular event surveillance points was analyzed. Results The crude incidence of cardiovascular dis- eases were 579.20/105 among household residents in 5 cardiovascular event surveillance points. The male incidence （ 595. 024/105 ） was higher than female incidence （ 146.58/105 ） , and the difference was statistically Significant （ U = 3.93, P 〈0.05）. The incidence was higher in rural areas （596.23/105 ） than that in urban areas （479.58/105） , and the differ- ence was statistically significant （ U = 9. 93, P 〈 0.05 ）. The incidence in 5 cardiovascular event surveillanee points was ranging from 458.64/105 to 680.92/105, and there was significant differenee shown in incidence among different county/ district （χ2 = 367. 79, P 〈 0. 001 ）. Incidence also increased significantly with age （χ2 = 1633897, P 〈 0. 001 ）. Among first onset cases, the female average age （ 68.62±11.74 years ） was later than male average age （ 67.88 ± 11.71 years ） , and the difference was significantly （ t = - 3.58, P 〈 0.001 ）. Stroke incidence was quadruple of coronary heart disease. Cerebral infarction, acute myocardial infarction and cerebral hemorrhage were the top three diseases, accounting for 95. 57% of the total diseases. The incidence in winter and spring was higher than in summer and autumn. Conclusion There were significant differences in incidence of cardiovascular diseases between genders, urban and rural areas, and among county （ district ）, age groups, and seasons, attention should be focused on strengthening the prevention and control of rural elderly men in winter and spring season.