心智的目的

Soul Purpose

教育中任何有实际价值的学习活动，都不应只有一个要点或几个预定的学习目标，而应有无数个要点。这无数个要点都有一个共同的目的，就是发展心智的目的。不要求学生掌握一个要点或达到“一个预定的学习目标”，并不意味着教学活动是不必要的。相反，这意味着教师要充分认识到教什么和如何教才有利于增强学习者对周围世界的观察能力，促使他们敏锐地注意到各种想法和事物之间可能有的联系，提高他们的研究能力。本文引用有丰富实践经验教师和教育专家的教学案例，来说明在真正开放的教学情境中，以促进学习者心智发展为目的的教学，不仅能提高学习者的探究能力，而且能促使他们自发地、富有激情地投入到学习之中。

All valuable learning activities in education should not have sole purpose, but purposes. The purposes should share one goal, which is the development of soul purpose. Not requiring students to learn one purpose or reach ＂one preset learning objective＂ does not mean teaching activities are unnecessary. On the contrary, it means teachers should fully understand what to teach and how to teach it can improve students＇ ability to observe the world, help students notice how one object possibly relates with another, and improve their research ability. The teaching cases of teachers and education experts with rich teaching experiences this paper uses show that in real open teaching environment, teaching whose purpose is to improve learners＇ soul can not only improve learners＇ ability to explore, but also make learners devote themselves into study spontaneously and energetically.