论霍金的依赖模型的实在论

On Hawking's Model Dependent Realism

近年来,实在论主张层出不穷,但众多的观点似乎都不能为世界提供一个令人信服的说明。鉴于此,霍金提出了一种新的实在论——依赖模型的实在论。其主要观点为:(1)一个物理理论和世界图像是一个模型以及一组将这个模型的元素和观测连接的规则的思想;(2)哪一个好,就用哪一个模型;(3)同时允许两个或两个以上相互竞争的理论模型并存。不在终极的客观存在的有无之间作无谓的争论,只关注理论模型的好与坏,对于自然科学的发展,有着积极的意义。这些主张使得依赖模型的实在论与科学史的实际更相符合。

In recent years, realism provides one view after another, but they are unable to provide a convincing explanation for the world. Therefore, Hawking proposed a new realism — model dependent realism. Its main points are:(1) a physical theory and world image are a model and a set of thoughts which connect the elements of this model with the observed;(2) people use the model as far as it is good;(3) at the same time, two or more than two competing models are allowed to coexist. It is meaningful for the development of science not to make unnecessary controversy between the presence or absence of the ultimate objective existence, but only concern the theoretical model of good and bad. These advocates made model dependent realism consistent with the history of science.