西藏地区野生手掌参生境土壤的养分状况

Habitats of Soil Nutrients Status of Wild Gymnadeniain Tibet

为手掌参种质资源的异地保存和人工栽培提供参考,采用踏查和土壤取样分析方法对西藏地区野生手掌参的典型分布区土壤养分状况进行分析。结果表明:在西藏地区,手掌参野生资源生长于海拔2 800~4 600m且具有一定坡度的林窗、林缘、草甸和林间草地生境中,土壤类型以棕壤和高山草甸土为主;其生境土壤呈酸性至中性,有机质、全氮和碱解氮含量丰富,全钾含量处于中等及以上水平,全磷、速效磷和速效钾含量差异较大;西南手掌参适宜生长于酸性至微酸性土壤。西藏林芝地区的手掌参原生境土壤肥力优于其他产区。

To provide references for the species conservation and artificial cultivation of Gymnadenia in Tibet, the soil nutrients status in typical Gymnadenia distribution areas in Tibet were analyzed based on field survey and laboratory analysis of soil samples.Results： Gymnadenia grew in various habitats with some gradients at the elevation of 2 800~4 600 m, including forest gaps, forest edge, meadow and forest grassland, the soil types were mainly brown soil and alpine meadow soil;the soils ranged from acidic to neutral, and were rich in organic matter, total nitrogen and alkaline N.The total K content was mostly at a medium level or even higher.Total available P, available K had great difference in different areas.The favorable soil pH for Gymnadenia growth was acidic to weak acid.The level of soil fertility in Nyingchi was higher than other producing areas.