磷钾肥配施3个箭筈豌豆牧草的产量与品质

Effects of Combined Application of Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Three Vicia sativa Cultivars

为青藏高原高寒草地箭筈豌豆的高产优质栽培及推广应用提供参考,以2505、2556和2560箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa.L)牧草新品系为试验材料,采用田间试验研究不同磷钾肥配施对3个箭筈豌豆牧草新品系产量及品质的影响。结果表明:在150kg/hm^2磷肥和50kg/hm^2钾肥配施下,2505、2556和2560箭筈豌豆牧草的产量均最高,分别为7 352kg/hm^2、8 578kg/hm^2和8 574kg/hm^2,比对照分别增产28.49%、14.27%和39.96%。增施磷钾肥对3个箭筈豌豆牧草品系粗蛋白含量的影响较小,但对其可溶性糖和粗脂肪含量的影响均达显著(P<0.05)水平。其中,2505品系的可溶性糖含量以不施钾肥和施磷肥225kg/hm^2处理最高,为10.56%;2556和2560品系均以不施磷肥和施钾肥100kg/hm^2处理最高,分别为10.48%和10.62%,且均与CK差异达显著(P<0.05)水平。2505品系的粗蛋白含量以施磷肥225kg/hm^2和钾肥100kg/hm^2处理最高,为1.64%;2556和2560品系均以施磷肥150kg/hm^2和钾肥100kg/hm^2处理最高,分别为1.47%和1.57%,且均与CK差异达显著(P<0.05)水平。综合考虑产量和品质,建议栽培3种箭筈豌豆牧草的磷肥施用量为150~225kg/hm^2,钾肥为50~100kg/hm^2。

In order to provide references for high-yield and high-quality cultivation,popularization and application of V.sativas in alpine grassland in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,taking three different V.sativas cultivars,including 2505,2556 and 2560,as the test materials,a field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of combined application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on yield and quality of the three V.sativas cultivars.Results：Yields of 2505,2556 and 2560 reached the highest,respectively 7 352kg/hm^2,8 578kg/hm^2 and 8 574kg/hm^2 when applied with phosphorus fertilizer 150kg/hm^2 and 50kg/hm^2 potassium fertilizer,which were higher than the control respectively by 28.49%,14.27% and 39.96%.Increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers had little influence on crude protein content,but had significant influence on the contents of soluble sugar and crude fat（P〈0.05）.Soluble sugar content of 2505 reached the highest of 10.56% when applied with only phosphorus fertilizer 225kg/hm^2,that of 2556 and 2560 reached the highest of 10.48% and 10.62%respectively when applied with only potassium fertilizer 100kg/hm^2,significantly different with the control（P〈0.05）.Crude protein content of 2505 reached the highest of 1.64% when applied with phosphorus fertilizer 225kg/hm^2 and potassium fertilizer 100kg/hm^2,that of 2556 and 2560reached the highest of respectively 1.47% and 1.57% when applied with phosphorus fertilizer 150 kg/hm^2 and potassium fertilizer 100 kg/hm^2,significantly with the control（P〈0.05）.Comprehensively considering yield and quality,application amount of phosphorus fertilizer 150～225kg/hm^2 and potassium fertilizer 50～100kg/hm^2 on the three V.sativas cultivars.