激光增材制造304不锈钢显微结构特征与性能研究

Study on Microstructure Characteristics and Properties of 304 Stainless Steel by Laser Additive Manufacturing

针对工业领域中大量304不锈钢关键零部件需要精密修复的问题,采用激光增材制造技术在304不锈钢基材表面制备304不锈钢零件,分析了其显微结构特征、物相结构、抗电化学腐蚀性能与力学性能。结果表明,激光增材制造304不锈钢主要由γ-(Fe,C)与马氏体C_(0.055)Fe_(1.945)组成,组织细小且致密,无气孔与裂纹;激光增材制造304不锈钢的抗电化学腐蚀性能优于传统制备304不锈钢;激光增材制造304不锈钢的屈服强度与抗拉强度约为传统制造304不锈钢的1.24倍与1.22倍;激光增材制造304不锈钢的伸长率相对传统制造304不锈钢提高了16.7%。

In order to resolve the problems of repairing large amounts of 304 stainless steel components in industry, 304 stainless steel（SS） was produced on the traditional producing 304 stainless steel by laser additive manufacturing（LAM）. The microstructure, phase constituents, electrochemical resistance and mechanical properties of 304 SS by LAM were analyzed.The results show that 304 SS by LAM is composed of γ-（Fe, C） and martensite C（0.055）Fe（1.945） and the microstructure is fine and dense, and without pores and cracks. The electrochemical resistance of 304 SS by LAM is much better than that of the traditional producing 304 SS. The yield strength and tensile strength of 304 SS by LAM are 1.24 and 1.22 times higher than those of the traditional 304 SS. Additionally, the elongation of 304 SS by LAM increases 16.7% compared with that of the traditional producing 304 SS.