方言接触对留学生汉语学习影响实证研究——基于兰州高校的调查

Influence of Dialect Contact on International Students' Chinese Learning:An Empirical Study of Universities of Lanzhou

来华留学生绝大多数分布在方言区,但对教不教方言学者们存在不同的看法。本文基于第二语言习得研究中的社会文化理论,对兰州市高校76名留学生方言接触情况进行了实证调查和分析。结果显示,大部分留学生有方言学习的需求和意愿,其方言学习的现实动因是日常交际需求和专业课学习的需求,深层动因是"身份认同"的需要;方言接触和学习对留学生普通话学习的影响主要表现在初级阶段,中级阶段正向和负向影响均不明显,高级阶段则是有着积极作用的正向影响。本文建议,方言区对外汉语教学应适当开设当地方言课,并鼓励和支持留学生积极主动接触和学习当地方言。

Although most international students live in dialect areas, scholars hold different views about whether they should be taught dialect. Based on social culture theories in the studies of second language acquisition, this paper carried out a survey on dialect contact of 76 international students in universities of Lanzhou. The results show that most international students wish to learn dialects, as they need to cope with daily communication and academic learning, and they have high motivation for identity. In addition, the influences of dialect contact on Putonghua learning are mainly seen in the primary stage. In the intermediate stage, there is no obvious positive or negative effects, while in the advanced stage, the influence is positive. This paper suggests that in TCSOL we should run local dialect courses and encourage international students to actively contact and learn dialects.