语素义常用度影响留学生语义透明词习得的实证研究

An Empirical Study on Effects of Morpheme Meaning Frequency on Semantic Transparent Words Acquisition for CSL Students

本文通过两个实验考察语素义常用度对中级水平留学生习得语义透明词的影响。结果表明,在自主释义和词语选择测试中,语素义常用度都显著影响中级水平留学生对语义透明词的习得。两个语素都为常用义(常+常)的语义透明词习得效果,好于其中一个语素为非常用义的语义透明词(常+非/非+常)的习得,两个语素都为非常用义(非+非)的语义透明词习得效果最差。中级水平日韩学习者在两个实验任务中的习得效果都显著好于欧美学习者。常用语素义容易提取,从而更容易推断整词语义,不常用语素义则反之;识别和提取语素义时体现了核心词义表征观。

The paper carries out two experiments to investigate the effects of morpheme meaning frequency on semantic transparent words acquisition for intermediate CSL （Chinese as a second language） students. The results show that in the two tests of meaning explanation and choose of words, morpheme meaning frequency has significant influences on intermediate CSL students. Semantic transparent words in which the two morphemes have frequent meanings （i. e. frequent ＋ frequent） are better learned than those in which one of the morpheme has infrequent meaning （i. e. frequent ＋ not frequent/ not frequent ＋ frequent）. Semantic transparent words in which the two morphemes have infrequent meanings （i. e. not frequent ＋ not frequent） are worst learned. The results from Japanese and Korean students in the two experimental tasks are significantly better than those from European and American learners. The commonly used morpheme meaning is easy to extract, thus useful for inferring the meaning of the whole word, while infrequent morpheme meaning does not. The concept of core-sense representation is embodied in the identification and extraction of morphemic meaning.