基于分形理论的兰白临定簇群城镇等级规模结构研究

A Fractal Study on the Scale Structure of Cluster of Cities in LanBaiLinDing Region

簇群城镇等级规模结构的分形研究是城市地理学研究的新方向.从分形理论在簇群城镇研究中的应用入手,以豪斯道夫(Hausdorff)维数为依据,借助Zipf公式,对兰白临定簇群城镇等级规模结构进行了分维测算,结果表明该区域簇群城镇系统具有分形特征,说明分形理论适合兰白临定簇群城镇等级规模结构的测算分析.在分维测算和位序—规模特征分析的基础上,提出了本区域城镇等级规模结构的分布特点及其存在的问题:1)区域内城镇人口分布差异较大,首位城市的垄断地位很强;2)具备发展潜力且人口规模位于第二序列的城镇数目过少;3)中间位序的城镇等级规模过于集中,人口分布显得比较均衡;4)兰白临定簇群城镇体系的发育阶段尚不成熟,目前还不是最优化的等级规模结构.最后基于分形理论的测算与分析结果,提出了兰白临定综合城镇簇群发展区的结构调整及其功能优化的建议.

The fractal study on the scale structure of cluster of cities is a new way for the study of the urban geography. This paper commences with the application of the fractal theory on study of cluster of cities. Based on the fractal dimension of Hausdorff, the fractal dimension of the scale structure is calculated with Zipf rule in LanBaiLinDing Region. It is found this region＇s cluster of cities has the fractal properties. And it also shows that fractal theory fits the calculation and anal- ysis on the scale structure of cluster of cities in this region. According to the fractal properties, the distributional characteristic and existent problems of the scale structure of cluster of cities are proposed. 1） the distribution of urban population in the region is quite different, and the monopoly position of the first city is very strong;2） some cities with the development potential and the pop- ulation size is located in the second sequence is too small;3） the middle level of the urban scale is too concentrated,and the population distribution is more balanced;4） the development stage of the urban system of cluster is not yet mature,and it is not the optimal scale structure. On the ba- sis of calculating and analyzing the scale structure, some pieces of advice are put forward for opti- mizing the structure and function of the cluster of cities of LanBaiLinDing Region.