资本内在否定性与经济社会形态的演化

Internal Negativity of Capital and Evolvement of Economic Social Forms

人们很少注意到,《资本论》及其手稿也是一部＂市民社会的解剖学＂。＂资本内在否定性＂是马克思进行社会研究的方法论,它通过特定的研究坐标、＂前进—回溯＂的研究路径和＂中间层次＂的演化分析,呈现市民社会内在发展的构成体系;它分别在宏观层面、中观层面和微观层面,以人的社会联系、物质生产方式和资本生产界限为解剖线索,展示出经济社会的一般形态、特殊形式和个别结构的变迁过程。这一社会解剖学,有助于理解经济社会形态的过渡性质,厘清东西方社会不同的生成路径和发展方向;对于明确社会主义市场经济的历史定位,反思西方＂市场社会＂和＂福利社会＂的经验教训,更好地指导小康社会全面建成有现实意义。

Few people have noticed that Das Kapital and its manuscripts should also be an anatomy of the civil society.Internal negativity of capital is used in studying society by Karl Marx as an analytic process.It shows the development system of civil society by a specific research coordinate and an evolutionary analysis of middle-level;it indicates general forms,special subforms and individual structures of economic society respectively in macro,middle and micro view by three ＂anatomic＂ paths of human development,mode of production and boundary of capital.This methodology helps to understand the middle-level and transition of economic society;helps to distinguish different generating processes of eastern society and western society.It＇ s also important for socialist market economy to locate its historical orientation and clarify misunderstandings,for introspecting market society and referencing welfare society to build a well-off society in an all-round way.