市场化改革是否促进了广州市污水处理行业效率的提升?

Did the Market-oriented Reform greatly promote the efficiency increase of the wastewater treatment industry in Guangzhou?

2003年,广州市实施了污水处理行业的市场化改革。市场化改革实践已经13年了,它是否促进了广州市污水处理行业效率的提升?本文采用数据包络分析法对2006-2014年广州和41个城市的污水处理行业全要素生产率变化进行测算,对2014年广州和41个城市的污水处理行业效率进行测算。本文的研究结果发现:市场化改革确实促进了广州市污水处理行业全要素生产率的提高;广州市污水处理行业的全要素生产率变化主要来源于效率变化和技术变化;目前,广州市污水处理行业的行业效率并不高,在42个城市中排名18位。根据研究结论,本文提出以下政策建议:提高管网完善度和厂网适配性,提高行业的竞争程度,增强地方政府对行业的规制能力,增加对地方政府规制能力的再监督。

In 2003, Guangzhou implemented the market-oriented reform in the industry of wastewater treatment. The reform has been implemented for 13 years now, did it effectively promote the efficiency of the city＇s wastewater treatment industry？ To answer this question, this paper uses Data Envelopment Analysis method to measure the total factor productivity change index of the wastewater treatment industry in 42 cities from 2006 to 2014, and measure the efficiency index in 42 cities in 2014. The result is yes. According to the Malmquist index, the TFP improvement of Guangzhou mainly comes from the efficient and the technical increase. In 2014, the wastewater treatment industry in Guangzhou is inefficient, and ranks 18th among 42 cities. From the above findings, we suggest that Guangzhou should improve the perfection level of sewage pipe network and suitability between pipe network and plant, improve the degree of competition in the industry, improve the efficiency of regulation, and strengthen the supervision on the regulation ability of the government.