经典的误读及其反思——以《儒林外史》严监生的阅读为中心

Misreading of Classical Works and Its Rethinking——A Discussion Focusing on the Reading of The Scholars

文学作品的阅读是民族文化传承的重要方式,也是经典作品生成的必经通道。然而,在经典生成的阅读进程中,许多基于文本片断教材式、欣赏式的选读,成就了文本经典,也产生了误读作品的诸多谬误的经典。《儒林外史》中严监生的形象长期被界定为吝啬鬼,如果通读、细读作品,会发现严监生在物质上从来都是宽于待人,严于律己,最多也是过于节俭而已。功名与伦理的劣势,是造成其可悲命运的主要原因。以严监生的形象再讨论为中心,旨在重新强调文本细读的全面、平实与通达的重要性,开启经典应有的日常魅力与人情内涵。

Reading literary works is not only an important way to inherit the national culture, but also a channel of classic works＇ generation. However, in that process, the selected readings made up of text-fragments for teaching or literary appreciation be- come the classical ones, and leads to many misunderstandings. For a long time, Yan Jiansheng in The Scholars has been defined as a miser. But if you thoroughly read it, you will find that Yah--leading a frugal existence, but very generous to others＇--is a kind and vulnerable person. The inferiority of official rank and ethics was the main cause of＋ his miserable fate. The aim of this in-depth discus- sion about the image of Yan Jiansheng is to reemphasize the importance of a thorough and comprehensive understanding of the texture. Only in this way can we get access to the charm and humanistic connotation of classical works.