西班牙模式对我国器官移植供体保护的启示

Inspiration of the Spanish Model to the Protection of Organ Transplant Donors in China

西班牙在器官捐献领域占据世界首位,其独特的"西班牙模式"为世界各国构建、完善器官捐献移植制度提供了有价值的参考。基于"西班牙模式"来探寻我国器官移植中供体权益保护,以期完善我国相关制度,具有一定的现实意义。我国可从五个方面改进现有的人体器官捐献制度:一是采取柔性推定同意模式;二是推动《人体器官捐献与移植法》的制定;三是扩大可进行器官获取工作的医院范围;四是将无偿捐献原则与人道救助相结合;五是构建人体器官捐献社会宣教体系。

Spain is the top organ donor in the world.Its ＂Spanish model＂ provides a valuable reference for the construction and improvement of organ donation and transplantation system in the whole world.Therefore, based on the unique ＂Spanish model＂, this paper explores the enlightment on the protection of the rights and in- terests of the organ donors in order to improve the relevant systems in China which has a certain practical signifi- cance. By reviewing and analyzing relevant domestic and foreign literature, we believe that the existing organ do- nation system in China can be improved from the following five aspects： 1.adopting flexible presumptive consent mode; 2. promoting the laying down of The Law of Human Organ Donation and Transplantation;3.increasing the number of hospitals that can perform organ procurement; 4.combining free donation principle with humanitarian assistance; 5. building a social education system of human organ donation.