黄腐酸对秋马铃薯农艺性状及产量的影响(英文)

Effects of Fulvic Acid on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Autumn Potato

[目的]研究黄腐酸对秋马铃薯农艺性状及产量的影响。[方法]分析黄腐酸对秋马铃薯生育期、植株形态、块茎、净光合速率、叶绿素含量、叶面积指数(LAI)和产量的影响。[结果]施用黄腐酸可延长秋马铃薯生育期,增加植株株高、茎粗、叶片叶绿素含量和LAI,提高叶片有效净光合速率、单株薯块数、单株薯块重和商品薯率,从而提高产量。施用黄腐酸后可延长秋马铃薯生育期1~3 d,显著或极显著提高植株株高、叶片净光合速率、单株块茎重和产量。在复合肥减半的情况下施用黄腐酸与复合肥常量施用下的出苗期和成熟期一致、生育期相当、净光合速率无差异性,特别是固体肥和液体肥配施后产量无差异性。[结论]施用黄腐酸后在产量不变的情况下可减少化学肥料的投入,降低化学肥料的面源污染。

[Objective] This study was to investigate the effects of fulvic acid on agronomic traits and yield of autumn potato. [Method] The effects of fulvic acid on growth period, plant morphology, tuber, net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, leaf area index （LAI） and yield of autumn potato were investigated. [Result] The application of fulvic acid prolonged the growth period and increased the plant height, stem diameter, leaf chlorophyll content, LAI, net photosynthetic rate, tuber number per plant, tuber weight per plant and marketable tuber rate of autumn potato, thus increasing the yield. Applying fulvic acid prolonged the growth period of autumn potato by 1-3 d and significantly increased the plant height, net photosynthetic rate, tuber weight per plant and yield of autumn potato （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. When the application amount of compound fertilizer was reduced by half, applying fulvic acid almost showed the same seedling emergence stage, mature stage, growth period and net photosynthetic rate with applying full amount of compound fertilizer. In particular, no significant difference was found in the yield of autumn potato between fullamount and half-amount compound fertilizer treatment groups in the premise of solid- liquid fulvic acid combined application. [Conclusion] In the premise of unchanged yield, applying fulvic acid can reduce the application of chemical fertilizers and reduce the non-point source pollution of chemical fertilizers.