三聚氰胺苯基磷酸盐的合成及在硬质聚氨酯泡沫中的应用

Synthesis of Melamine Phenylphosphate and Its Application in Rigid Polyurethane Foams

以三聚氰胺(MEL)和苯基磷酸(PPA)为原料,合成出一种磷氮类阻燃剂——三聚氰胺苯基磷酸盐(MPP),采用核磁共振磷谱和红外光谱对其结构进行了表征。通过极限氧指数(LOI)、UL 94和锥形量热测试对MPP阻燃的硬质聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF)的燃烧性能进行了研究。结果表明,当MPP添加量为15%(质量分数)时,阻燃RPUF的LOI为27%,达到了UL 94V-0级,其热释放速率峰值(PHRR)相对于未阻燃RPUF降低了约44%。采用热重分析(TGA)研究了阻燃RPUF的热分解特性,结果表明,添加15%MPP的阻燃RPUF的压缩强度和弯曲强度分别比未阻燃RPUF提高了50%和27%。导热系数测试结果表明,添加15%MPP的阻燃RPUF的导热系数稍微有所增加,约为0.025 9 W/(m·K)。

Melamine（MEL）and phenylphosphonic acid（PPA）were used to synthesize a kind of nitrogen-phosphorus flame retardant,i.e.melamine phenylphosphate（MPP）,and its chemical structure have been characterized by 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance（31P NMR）spectrum and infrared spectrum.The flame retardant properties of the flame retarded rigid polyurethane foams（RPUF）were investigated by limiting oxygen index（LOI）,UL 94 and cone calorimetry.Results showed that when the MPP loading was 15wt%,the LOI of the flame retarded RPUF was 27% and its UL 94 rating was V-0.The peak heat release rate（PHRR）of flame retarded RPUF at the MPP loading of 15% was reduced by 44%compared with that of the pure RPUF.The presence of 15%MPP in RPUF led to a 50%increase in compressive strength and a 27%increase in flexural strength,respectively,compared with pure RPUF.The thermal conductivity of the RPUF flame retarded by 15% MPP was 0.025 9 W/（m·K）which increased a little compared with the pure RPUF.Moreover,the thermal decomposition of flame retarded RPUF was studied by thermogravimetric analysis.