医院真菌感染情况调查分析

Investigation and analysis of hospital fungal infection situation

目的了解医院真菌感染的分类、分布及药物敏感度等,为临床合理使用抗真菌药物提供理论依据。方法回顾性分析本院的真菌培养阳性标本,从真菌分类、标本来源、科室分布、药物敏感度进行统计分析。结果 460株真菌标本来源以痰液、尿液、咽拭子为主,占比依次为65.7%、14.8%、12.0%;真菌感染的疾病以呼吸道感染为主,其次为肿瘤、泌尿系感染、术后等,占比依次为28.3%、24.1%、21.3%、15.2%;真菌分类以白色假丝酵母菌、热带假丝酵母菌、光滑假丝酵母菌为主,分别占63.3%、16.5%和12.6%;药敏试验统计分析显示,真菌对伏立康唑敏感度最低(78.9%),对两性霉素B敏感度最高(99.0%),五种药物的敏感度比较,显著差异(P<0.05)。结论本院临床真菌感染标本以痰液为主,感染疾病以呼吸道感染最多,以白色假丝酵母菌为主,不同抗真菌药物的敏感度有显著差异,临床抗真菌治疗要重视和加强真菌培养和药敏监测。

Objective To understand the clinical classification, distribution and drug sensitivity of the fungal infection, and provide theoretical basis for the rational use of antifungal drugs. Methods The fungal culture positive samples in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and the classification of fungi, the source of samples, the distribution of genera, sensitive rate of drugs were analyzed. Results The source of 460 fungal samples were mainly sputum, urine and swab, which was 65.7%, 14.8% and 12.0% respectively. The fungal infection diseases was given priority to respiratory tract infection, followed by cancer, urinary tract infection and postoperative, which accounted for 28.3%, 24.1%, 21.3%, 15.2% in turn. The fungi were mainly classified as white pseudo silk yeast, tropical pseudo silk yeast, and smooth pseudo silk yeast, which took 63.3%, 16.5% and 12.6% respectively. The sensitive test statistieal analysis showed that fungi had the lowest sensitivity to voriconazole （78.9%）, the highest sensitivity to amphotericin B （99.0%）, and there were significant differences between five drug sensitive rate （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Clinical samples of fungal infection is mainly sputum in our hospital, and infection diseases is given priority to respiratory tract infection, and white pseudo silk yeast took the most part. Sensitive rates had significant differences in different antifungal drugs, so as the fungal culture and drug susceptibility monitoring should be strengthened and emphasized in clinical antifungal treatment.