2010年至2015年我国儿科医生资源配置状况动态分析

Dynamic analysis of pediatricians＇ resource allocation in China from 2010 to 2015

目的分析我国儿科医生在2010年至2015年间的动态变化趋势，并通过与全国医师水平进行比较，了解儿科医生配置现状及诊疗负担情况，为有效配置儿科医生提供依据。方法选取《中国统计年鉴》《中国卫生和计划生育统计年鉴》中的相关数据指标，采用横向与纵向比较相结合的方法，对儿科医师数、每千儿童医师数、每儿科医师负担门急诊人次数、每儿科医师负担出院人数等指标进行动态分析。结果2010年至2015年，儿科医师数仅增长2．32％；2015年每千儿童医师数仅占每千人口医师数的23．42％；5年间每儿科医师负担门急诊人次数共增长40．58％，负担出院人数增长36．70％。结论我国儿科医师存在总量不足、供给不足、诊疗负担过重等问题。建议完善儿科医生培养模式、提高儿科医生的薪酬待遇、缓解儿科医生负担等，以便为儿童提供优质的医疗服务。

Objective To analyze the dynamic flow of pediatricians from 2010 to 2015, their present deployment and workload as compared with physicians across the country, in order to provide reference for their effective allocation. Methods Selecting data indexes from ＂ Chinese Statistical Yearbook＂ and ＂ China Health and Family Planning Yearbook＂ , and using Excel for statistics of relevant index data. By means of horizontal and vertical comparisons, a dynamic analysis was made on such indexes as the number of pediatricians, that of pediatricians per thousand children, and the number of hospital admissions and the number of hospitalizations per pediatrician. Results The total of pediatricians only increased by 2.32% from 2010 to 2015. On the other hand, the number of pediatricians per thousand population only accounted for 23.42% of physicians per thousand population in 2015. These five years witnessed a 40.58% workload increase of outpatient/emergency visits per pediatrician, and 36.70% increase of discharged inpatients. Conclusions China is faced with the challenges of shortage and insufficient supply of pediatricians, worsened by excessive workloads. It is advisable to improve pediatrician development pattern, raise their remuneration, and ease their workload, for the sake of better healthcare for children.