蚯蚓粪对铁皮石斛抗氧化能力及次生代谢产物的影响

Effects of vermicompost on antioxidant capacity and secondary metabolites of Dendrobium officinale

在盆栽条件下使用不同含量蚯蚓粪的基质(蛭石)栽种一年生铁皮石斛(Dendrobium officinale),并在栽种的第15、30、45天时,分析石斛抗氧化能力和次生代谢产物含量的变化.结果表明:含有蚯蚓粪的栽培基质能提高铁皮石斛的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、过氧化物酶(POD)比活力、丙二醛(MDA)含量、根系活力、可溶性蛋白含量以及茎中黄酮和多糖含量(P<0.05),蚯蚓粪含量不同效果有所差异.其中,蚯蚓粪含量为60%时,第45天石斛SOD活力和POD比活力较之对照分别增加了29%和156%;蚯蚓粪含量为80%时,在栽种45 d后石斛根系活力、可溶性蛋白含量以及多糖和黄酮含量较之对照分别增加了235%、37%、102%和97%;蚯蚓粪含量为20%、40%、60%和80%时石斛体内MDA含量均显著降低(P<0.05).综上,人工栽培中使用适宜含量的蚯蚓粪能提升铁皮石斛品质,80%为提高其药用品质的最适含量,60%为提高其抗氧化能力的最适含量.

Seedlings of the annual Dendrobium officinale were planted as experimental material and cultivated using mixed vermicompost and vermiculite in suitable proportions for 45 days. The antioxidant capacity and secondary metabolite contents of D. officinale under vermicompost treatments were measured on the 15th, 30th, and 45th day after planting. The results showed that vermicompost application significantly increased the superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity and peroxidase （POD） active ratio, malondialdehyde （MDA） content, soluble protein content, root activity, and polysaccharide and flavonoid contents in the stem of D. officinale （P 〈 0.05）. For the 60% vermicompost treatment, the SOD activity and POD active ratio were higher by 29% and 156% than CK （0% vermicompost treatment）, respectively. In the treatment with 80% vermicompost, soluble protein, polysaccharide, flavonoids, and root activity, all increased by 37%, 102%, 97% and 235%, respectively, compared with CK. We found that all of the 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% vermicompost treatments significantly reduced the MDA content of D. officinale （P 〈 0.05）. These findings suggest that appropriate proportions of vermicompost can improve the medicinal quality of D. officinale; 80% vermicompost ＋ 20% vermiculite treatment was optimal for improving the medicinal quality, and 60% vermicompost ＋ 40% vermiculite was found to be optimal for increased antioxidant capacity.